The science behind wild swimming
Alternating between hot and cold temperatures constricts and dilates blood vessels, maximising circulation, reducing inflammation and speeding up muscle repair (Hussain & Cohen, 2018). This vasodilation and vasoconstriction may also contribute to reduction in both short term and chronic pain. The heat from the sauna increases heart rate variability and improves circulation, much in the same way that cardio exercise does. A 2022 study concluded that when combined with exercise, use of sauna improved cardiorespiratory fitness, decreased systolic blood pressure and lowered total cholesterol levels (Pilch, et al., 2014) (Lee, et al., 2022).
Both saunas and cold plunges trigger release of neurotransmitters such as serotonin: our 'happy hormone'; dopamine: our 'feel good' hormone; norepinephrine, which regulates cognitive function and stress reactions, and b-endorphins (Hirvonen, Lindeman, Joukamaa, & Huttunen, 2002) which are the body’s natural painkillers. Deficits in these neurotransmitters are critical factors in the development of psychiatric disorders such as depression and anxiety.
Neurotransmitters aside, many people find that cold water swimming has a meditative effect, allowing the swimmer to be wholly present both in their bodies and nature. Many people describe it as 'quieting the noise”' which is hugely beneficial in our 'always on' society.
Cold plunging also stimulates the vagus nerve, which is the main nerve in the parasympathetic nervous system, otherwise known as ‘rest and digest’ state (Jungmann, Vencatachellum, Van Ryckeghem, & Vogele, 2018). We should be in our parasympathetic state the majority of the time, however the stresses of modern life often tip us into our sympathetic ‘fight and flight’ state. Regular cold water swimming can train the vagus nerve, making it easier to regain rest and digest state after a period of stress.
Socially the benefits of wild swimming and sauna are incomparable, hence it being championed in different cultures around the world: saunas in Scandinavia, onsens in Japan and hammams in the Muslim world are all a social and wellness hub integral to the routine and culture of these societies.
If you want to experience the joy and numerous benefits of wild swimming and sauna at Elmore, the estate hosts Sarah Guise's Rewild Swim Club which is open both to treehouse guests - through private appointment - and to the public on allotted session times, that must be booked in advance as places are limited.